In winter, rock salt is one of the most common, popular and well-known substances for melting ice and snow. Municipalities, commercial snow removal companies, and residential homeowners across America use this ice melt to manage snow. A relatively small amount, through a process called freezing-point depression, can weaken ice and makes it easily removable. Moreover, a blend of sand and rock salt, spread on roads during and after a snowstorm, assists vehicle traction.
What is Rock Salt?
Rock salt, also known as halite, is the mineral form of the chemical sodium chloride (NaCl). Crystals form when lakes and seas evaporate, leaving the minerals behind. In the United States, vast beds exist in multiple locations, making it a plentiful substance. It works by decreasing the temperature water freezes in a process called freeze-point depression. The same process is why sea water does not freeze at 32 °F (0 °C), which is the freezing point of pure fresh water. It is so effective as an ice melt that a small amount can weaken ice, which is then easily removable.
Disadvantages of Rock Salt
Despite being a naturally occurring substance, sodium chloride does have some major disadvantages. Sodium chloride can damage plants, grass and trees if it penetrates surrounding soil. In fact, for this reason, farmers use higher concentrations to “salt stress” annual meadow grass and suppress growth.
Excessive rock salt can also have a negative effect on wildlife if used excessively. If large amounts enter rivers or ponds, sodium chloride can have negative consequences to fish and other aquatic wildlife. If ingested, it can also be poisonous to pets, birds, and other animals.
Advantages of Rock Salt
A study by the American Highway Users Alliance found road surface conditions are the most significant safety factor during a winter storm, and the use of road salt greatly improves public safety. The report also showed the benefits far exceeded the cost. Rock salt is highly economical to use on large surface areas and it works at lower temperatures than other ice melt options.
A 10% improvement in the surface friction produces a 20% reduction in crashes and collisions. The improvement using road salt reduces collisions up to 88% and injuries by 85%. When used on four-lane roads, injury reduction is 93%. As a less expensive option, the cost to benefit is the prime reason rock salt is popular with many.
Rock salt can be prone to shortages due to its popularity. However, at Snow & Ice Salt & Chemicals Unlimited, we plan ahead and stay stocked the whole season. We offer 24/7 pick up if you live in the Maryland area, but we also provide shipping services when needed.
If you would like more information about rock salt or anything else, please contact us.